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Italy never has had a history of tolerance towards the darker races but the opening statement at the Rimini conference of 'Communion and Liberation' makes it very clear that mixing of the races is definitely not welcomed by some on Italian soil.
On August 21 2005 Marcello Pera, speaker of the Italian Senate said 'In Europe the population is diminishing, the doors are open to uncontrolled immigration and to becoming 'half-breeds.' My response, and one which I have stated many times, is: we will defend ourselves, we will defend ourselves with diplomacy, with politics, with culture, commerce, negotiations and agreements. We will defend ourselves, offering respect and demanding respect. And at the end, we will defend ourselves with the force of arms'.
By the way Pera's statement was repeated and supported in Rimini by the Cabinet Vice-President, Giulio Tremonti.
Pera's speech was uncomfortably similar to one made in 1938 by Lidio Cipriani, anthropologist and theoretician of the Fascist regime's racist policies who said, 'It is our firm opinion that cross-breeding with Africans is an attack against European civilization as it exposes it to decadence [...] We abhor the mixing of blood, aware of the perils that it entails, but at the same time we seek, with no illusions, to elevate the natives in their interest and ours, and to have them as useful workers for the colonial companies' exploitation.'
The speech has shocked many because Pera's post ranks only second to the presidency in Italy's institutional hierarchy and he is expected to play a key symbolic role as an arbiter in the run-up to next year's general elections.
Italy has far fewer immigrants than other European countries - only 4.5 per cent of the population - the issue of immigration has become hot and is expected to be a key part of the debate in the 2006 national elections. Parties such as the Northern League, which is part of the centre-right Berlusconi coalition, have tried to link immigration with crime and terrorism.